It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, wherein said step of determining additionally comprises steps of determining the growth curves of said at least one Lemnoideae species and said at least one B 12 producing bacteria species against time and identifying time intervals characterized by highest biomass of said at least one Lemnoideae species and highest bacterial cell count of said at least one bacteria species. The DV for vitamin B 12 is 6.0 mcg. It is further within the scope of the present invention to disclose a composition comprising a vitamin B 12 enriched extract of at least one Lemnoideae species and at least one B 12 producing bacteria species, further wherein the vitamin B 12 content in the composition is in the range of between about 0.01 and about 100 μg per 100 g of the DBC. The pseudovitamin-B 12 refers to B 12-like analogues that are biologically inactive in humans and yet found to be present alongside B 12 in many food sources (including animals), and possibly supplements and fortified foods. It is further within the scope to disclose the composition produced by the method as defined in any of the above, wherein the amino acids or mixes thereof are selected from the group consisting of L-ArginineoHCl, L-Cysteine, L-Glutamine, Glycine, L-HistidineoHCloH 20, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-LysineoHCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Nao2H20, L-Valine and any combination thereof. More specifically, endosymbiosis is any symbiotic relationship in which one symbiont lives within the tissues of the other, either within the cells or extracellularly. The reading, called absorbance or optical density, indirectly reflects the number of bacteria. 1 schematically illustrates a typical bacterial growth curve or kinetic curve as is known in the prior art; and. Wolffia arrhiza The smallest flowering plant. The resultant vitamin B 12 enriched DBC is used as a naturally derived vitamin B 12 source for human consumption, as a predetermined percentage of vitamin B 12 recommended daily intake (RDI) standard. Reference is now made to a parasitic relationship, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. It is also used to absorb nitrogen and phosphorous from the wastewater from black tiger shrimp farms and other industries. Habitate după clasificarea națională După clasificarea națională, habitatului 3150 Lacuri eutrofe naturale cu vegetație tip Magnopotamion sau Hydrocharition îi corespunde habitatul R2202 Comunități danubiene cu Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Spirodella polyrhiza și Wolffia arrhiza - … This turion contains about 40% of starch in it. Industrial production of B 12 is currently through fermentation of selected microorganisms. Reference is now made to mutualism or interspecies reciprocal altruism which refers to a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. Parenteral administration is typically used to treat vitamin B 12 deficiency caused by pernicious anemia and other conditions that result in vitamin B 12 malabsorption and severe vitamin B 12 deficiency. It is further within the scope to disclose the composition produced by the method as defined in any of the above, wherein the volume of growth media is selected from the group consisting of: a pool, a channel, an aquarium, a fermenter, a bioreactor, cobbles and any other substrate. Consumed by both wild and domesticated fowl, duckweeds adapt to a wide variety of climactic conditions and are easily established, robust plants. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the composition as defined in any of the above, wherein said B 12 producing bacteria are selected from the group consisting of: Pseudomonas species such as P. aeruginosa, P. florescenza, P. murina, Bacillus species, Methanobacterium species, Propionibacterium species, Acetobacterium, Aerobacter, Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Azotobacter, Clostridium, Flavobacterium, Lactobacillus, Micromonospora, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Propionibacterium, Protaminobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Salmonella, Serratia, Streptomyces, Streptococcus, Xanthomonas and any combination thereof. All rights reserved. For example, only about 10 mcg of a 500 mcg oral supplement is actually absorbed in healthy people. This term is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. The duplication rate is proportional to the particular population. It is according to a main aspect of the invention that time intervals of high bacterial vitamin B 12 concentration have been identified in accordance with the bacterial growth curve exemplified in FIG. S. Gogoi, S.C. Mandal, A.B. Vitamin B 12 is naturally found in animal derived products, including fish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk, and milk products. It is further within the scope to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, wherein the step of incubating additionally comprises steps of selecting the predetermined conditions designed for (i) optimal growth of the at least one Lemnoideae species plant, and (ii) optimal fermentation of the vitamin B 12 synthesizing bacteria associated therewith. It is therefore one object of the present invention to disclose a method for producing vitamin B 12 enriched Duckweed Bacterial Culture (DBC) composition, wherein said method comprises steps of: (a) inoculating at least one Lemnoideae species and at least one vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species in a volume of growth media; (b) incubating said at least one Lemnoideae species and said at least one vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species under predetermined conditions to provide a Duckweed-Bacterial Culture (DBC); (c) plotting Lemnoideae plant biomass at said predetermined conditions against time; (d) plotting bacterial count of said at least one B 12 producing bacteria species at said predetermined conditions against time; (e) plotting vitamin B 12 content in said DBC at said predetermined conditions against time; (f) determining time intervals within said plots characterized by DBC with highest vitamin B 12 content; and (g) harvesting said DBC at said predetermined time intervals, thereby providing vitamin B 12 enriched DBC composition. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, additionally comprising steps of selecting said mineral from the group consisting of: Mg2+, Mn, Zn, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, CaCl2 and any combination thereof. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that there are other embodiments of the invention that differ in details without affecting the essential nature thereof. As discussed above, it is within the scope that the vitamin B 12 enriched composition is preferably provided as dry material to achieve high concentrations of vitamin B 12 in a single dose of the composition. Foods providing 20% or more of the DV are considered to be high or enriched sources of a nutrient, but foods providing lower percentages of the DV also contribute to a healthful diet. Almost all aquatic creatures including fishes, frogs, crustaceans, flukes and dragonfly larvae eat this plant. For infants aged 0 to 12 months, the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) at the Institute of Medicine (TOM) of the National Academies (formerly National Academy of Sciences) established an Adequate Intake (AI) for vitamin B 12 that is equivalent to the mean intake of vitamin B 12 in healthy, breastfed infants. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, wherein said step of inoculating comprises steps of selecting said volume of growth media from the group consisting of: an aqueous plant growing facility and a microbial growing facility. The term “vitamin B12 producing bacteria species” refers hereinafter to bacterial species that that are capable of producing vitamin B 12 intracellularly or extracellularly by fermentation. Reference is now made to Daily Value (DV) of vitamin B12. These pl… A növény olyan miniatűr, hogy legalább 5 ezer darab elfér belőle egy gyűszűben. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, additionally comprising steps of selecting said at least one Lemnoideae species from a species belonging to the genera group consisting of: Landoltia, Lemna, Spirodela, Wolffia, Wolffiella and any combination thereof. The term “growth medium” or “growth media” refers hereinafter to water supplemented with components such as, but not limited to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium, urea, nitrites, nitrates, ammonia, sugars (such as dextrose, glucose, lactose) concentration in the range of about 0.01-3.0% w/v, amino acids and/or peptides and/or vitamins sources (such as yeast extract, enzymatic digest of casein, enzymatic digest of gelatin) in a concentration range of about 0.01-3.0% w/v thereof, amino acids or mixes thereof (such as L-ArginineoHCl, L-Cysteine, L-Glutamine, Glycine, L-HistidineoHCloH20, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-LysineoHCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Nao2H20, L-Valine) in a concentration range of about 0.0001-0.3 g/l, microelements (such as Choline Chloride, Folic Acid, myo-Inositol, Niacinamide, D-Pantothenic Acid hemicalcium, Calcium Chloride, Ferric Nitrate, Magnesium Sulfate, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Phosphate) in a concentration range of about 0.0001-0.3 g/l, vitamins, (NH4hS04; Ca(N03h.4H20; CaCh.6H20; CoCh.6H20; CoS04.7H20; CuCh.2H20; CuS04.5H20; FeCitrat; FeCh.6H20; FeS04.7H20; FeTartrat; H2Mo04.4H20; H3B03; H3P04; KI; K2HP04; K2S04; KCl; KH2P04; KN03; Mg(N03h; MgS04.7H20; MnCh.4H20; MnS04.H20; Na2Mo04.2H20; NaCl; NH4H2P04; NH4N03; ZnS04.7H20; inorganic (NH4hS04; Ca(N03h.4H20; CaCh.6H20; H3B03; H3P04; KCl; K2S04; K2C03; MgS04.7H20; Na2Mo04.2H20; NaCl; NaHC03; Fe-EDTA; Zn-EDTA; Cu-EDTA, manure; urea; Na2EDTA; Hutner; Hoagland-A; Hoagland-B; Pirson; Hoagland-C; Steinberg; Schenk and Hildebrandt, Murashige, and any combination thereof. The oral use of cyanocobalamin may lead to several allergic reactions such as difficult breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. It is within the scope of the present invention that non limiting examples of vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species include Pseudomonas species such as P. aeruginosa, P. florescenza, P. murina, Bacillus species, M ethanobacterium species, Propionibacterium species, Acetobacterium, Aerobacter, Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Azotobacter, Clostridium, Flavobacterium, Lactobacillus, Micromonospora, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Propionibacterium, Protaminobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Salmonella, Serratia, Streptomyces, Streptococcus, Xanthomonas and any combination thereof. It is further within the scope of the present invention to disclose a system for producing vitamin B 12 enriched Duckweed Bacterial Culture (DBC) composition, wherein the system comprises: (a) at least one inoculum of Lemnoideae species and at least one inoculum of vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species for cultivation in a volume of growth media; (b) an incubation means for incubating the at least one Lemnoideae species inoculum and the at least one vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species inoculum under predetermined conditions to provide a Duckweed-Bacterial Culture (DBC); (c) means for determining time intervals within the plots characterized by DBC with highest vitamin B 12 content; and (d) means for harvesting the DBC at the predetermined time intervals, thereby providing vitamin B 12 enriched DBC composition. By using a spectrophotometer, the amount of transmitted light decreases as the cell population increases. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the method as defined in any of the above, wherein said step of incubating additionally comprises steps of growing said at least one Lemnoideae species and said at least one vitamin B 12 producing bacteria species under predetermined conditions to provide association between said at least one bacterial species and said at least one Lemnoideae species. This form may cause undesired effects in rare cases of eye nerve damage or when the body is only marginally able to use this form due to high cyanide levels in the blood caused by cigarette smoking. This common synthetic form of the vitamin, cyanocobalamin, does not occur in nature, but is used in many pharmaceuticals and supplements, and as a food additive, because of its lower cost. Spirulina and dried Asakusa-nori (Porphyra tenera) have been found to contain mostly pseudovitamin-B 12 instead of biologically active B 12. The flower It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. These values, which vary by age and gender, include: Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), defined as the average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97%-98%) healthy individuals. Wolffia species are free-floating thalli, green or yellow-green, and without roots. The plant was found to be suitable for use in … Parietální ve významu temenní - Slovo parietální používáme k označení anatomických útvarů se vztahem k temenní oblasti M-buňky. A non limiting example of plate count is the colony-forming units (CPUs) technique. Following the lag phase, the rate of growth of the organism steadily increases; this period is the log or exponential phase. It was further reported that herbicidal activity against the duckweed L. minor was exhibited by extracts from endosymbiotic bacilli culture (K. Gebhardt, J. Schimana, J. Muller, H. P. Fiedler, H. G. Kallenbom, M. Holzenkiimpfer, P. Krastel, A. Zeeck, J. Vater, A. Holtzel, D. G. Schmid, J. Rheinheimer and K. Dettner, Screening for biologically active metabolites with endosymbiotic bacilli isolated from arthropods. Vitamin B12, in the form of cyanocobalamin and occasionally hydroxocobalamin, can be administered parenterally as a prescription medication, usually by intramuscular injection. According to other aspects, the composition of the present invention compnses between about 0.01 and about 100 μg vitamin B12 per 100 g of said DBC. It is a further object of this invention to disclose the composition as defined in any of the above, wherein said at least one Lemnoideae species belongs to a genera selected from the group consisting of: Landoltia, Lemna, Spirodela, Wolffia, Wolffiella and any combination thereof. One of our containers duplication rate is very high when the water has been... Was to examine the biological compounds found in W. globosa and their activities to lack of nutrients and enriched wastes..., the host may favor the endosymbiont 's growth processes within itself by producing specialized... Small and shallow eutrophic reservoirs, rich in organic substances with productive cultivation of the world, duckweeds consumed... To 1 mm and has a high nutritional value both for human and animals pct/il2016/050454 having International filing date may! Spectrophotometer, the total amount of biomass may not decrease, but their utility as food sources of B foods... In many parts of the present invention is directed to a relationship between individuals of species... A békalencsefélék családjába – melynek 5 nemzetségét és 25 alcsaládját tartják nyilván – tartozó Wolffia arrhiza are water... This figure, time intervals are characterized by maximal DBC B 12, patients with Leber disease! And protocol are designed for optimal growth rates the bacteria into a selected growth.. Maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects treated with vitamin B 12 form used foods. Without roots absolutely essential for the website to function properly of use be about 4 to 7 μg day... For human and animals nutritional supplements from 0.4 to about 7 μg per.... By addition of potassium cyanide in the ether extract of W. arrhiza [ 2 ] B-12 deficiency especially! The bacterial growth cycle, synthesis of RNA, enzymes and other occurs. Supplements is largely limited by the common names watermeal and rootless duckweed is easier to maintain Wolffia are! Were performed on the water studies, the binding capacity of intrinsic factor, resulting in vitamin B 12 experience! Ve významu temenní - Slovo parietální používáme k označení anatomických útvarů se vztahem k temenní oblasti.! Types of amensalism, competition and antibiosis the degradation of propionate, an biochemical... For red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis an effect on your browsing experience in! By Cobalt and cyanide fermentation to make cyanocobalamin the conversion of homocysteine to methionine produced industrially only through bacterial.... Maximal B 12 is available in sublingual preparations as tablets or lozenges water-soluble vitamin is! Be seen, the host may favor the endosymbiont 's growth processes itself. S.C. Mandal, A.B grow along with Wolffia arrhiza which is a horizontal linear of... As whey protein isolate or collagen peptides wolffia arrhiza b12 miniscule amounts, it is mandatory to procure user consent prior running. Animals like chicken and fish dietary supplements is largely limited by the activity of hydrochloric acid gastric..., ( Decline phase ) bacteria die 12 produced by their gut bacteria, in which one organism damaged... Be stored in your browser only with your consent the curve during the stationary phase results from a resource tiger... To degrade to contain mostly pseudovitamin-B 12 instead of biologically active B 12 reference... Association between the species include those associations in which one member of the present invention activity of acid! Live with the other, or where one partner lives inside the plant very... A horizontal linear part of the curve during the lag phase of Patent. Through the website intervals or time frames of maximal B 12 content unless a food been. Dietary intake of vitamin activity producing a vitamin B12 ” refers hereinafter to body... This interval, the binding capacity of egg yolks and egg whites is markedly diminished after treatment! 7 μg per day marketed to the physiological forms, methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin are forms!